The new security environment is amongst others experiencing asymmetric security threats that are often referred to as hybrid warfare or deployment of grey-zone tactics. Whilst such tactics were observed to be used by various non-state actors in the past decade, the actions carried out by the Russian Federation in the spring of 2014 against its…
This article addresses the nature of the use of influence operations by the federal government of the Russian Federation’s as well as ways for detecting and countering such operations. This has been done via a qualitative study of the concept, the Russian government’s use, and principles for countering influence operations. The article concludes that the…
Russian propaganda and information operations, or more accurately political warfare, in the West and near abroad have been covered extensively. Neither is it a new phenomenon, having a century-long history going back to the Bolsheviks in the early 20th century. However, Russian operations outside these areas received little attention. Therefore, in this paper Russian propaganda…
The article presents a short analysis of the research “Image of Europe in Russian Media” done by the Hybrid Warfare Analytical Group of the Ukraine Crisis Media Center. Analysis of the Russian media context demonstrated that the way in which the Russian TV shows the Europeans to its own population has impact not only on…
Fighting fake news and propaganda is what Ukrainian NGOs have been doing years before it became a trend around the world. Response to threats of Russian propaganda requires a complex strategy, and Ukrainian experts from civil society are already making important steps forward in this direction. This article represents the description of existing NGOs that…
The article presents a historical overview of political satire shows from the USSR period (both TV and print) and contemporary political satire TV shows. Particular concern was given to the existing Russian TV shows and Russian-language political satire shows popular on Facebook and YouTube (Derzhites’ Tam, Laisv?s TV, Lithuania, and Zapovednik, DW, Germany). Bakhtin’s idea…
The article deals with the use of information warfare during the so-called “Bronze Night” events in Estonia in 2007, the Russian-Georgian war in 2008, and the Russian aggression against Ukraine since 2014. The events in Estonia are described as the first large-scale usage of cyber warfare combined with disinformation against a sovereign state. The war…
The article analyzes the techniques and tools of Russian propaganda against the vulnerabilities of the local authorities of the Republic of Moldova. Russian propaganda’s messages are mostly absorbed by Russian-speaking citizens who do not have access to alternative media. Some local authorities are sabotaging the government’s efforts, so citizens are vulnerable to informational manipulation. The…
